Potjaman Guilty : The Beginning of the End?

via Bangkok Pundit by Bangkok Pundit on 7/30/08

Bangkok Post:

In a politically-loaded ruling, Criminal Court on Thursday found Pojaman Shinawatra - wife of coup-ousted premier Thaksin - guilty of tax evasion in a 1997 share transaction, court official said.

The heavily-guarded court, surrounded by some 2,000 Thaksin-supporters holding red roses, sentenced Pojaman to three years in jail for avoiding a tax bite amounting to 546 million baht (16.3 million dollars) on a share transfer to her step-brother Bannapot Damapong and her secretary Karnchanapa Honghern in 1997.

Bannapot was also sentenced to three years in jail and Karnchanapa to two years.

Thaksin and the couple's three children sat stony-faced throughout the ruling at the Bangkok court which was guarded by some 500 police. Pojaman had pleaded not guilty to the charge of tax evasion, claiming that the 738 million baht (22 million dollars) share transfer of Shinawatra Computer and Communications stock was a gift, not a business transaction.

The court said it had decided on a heavy sentence because both Pojaman and Bannapot were well-known public figures with responsibility to society.

BP: The Nation has more details on the decision.

This case always seemed to be the more substantive legal case compared with the Rachadphisek case or the lottery case so the guilty verdict is not surprising although I question the rationale for the length of sentence and whether suddenly this will now be the standard applied to all "well-known public figures".

If the defendants can appeal, they might get it below two years and hence can qualify for a suspended sentence - the sentence range is a "jail sentence of between three months and seven years" although this is up to the court's disrection. Thai Rath reports the Court as saying for those who dislike verdicts, they can appeal (สามารถใช้สิทธิ์อุทธรณ์) and The Manager has a quote from a Thaksin lawyer saying that he has applied for bail for all 3 and they will appeal. The screws tighten.

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Thailand Lost Lands - Exchange with Independence - Worth?

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Burma Has No Need for Doctors

via Bangkok Pundit by Bangkok Pundit on 6/18/08

Simon Montlake in CSM:

Having led Thailand's first medical mission last month to cyclone-ravaged Burma (Myanmar), Pichit Siriwan, a doctor, was on standby for another two-week tour. But last week he got word that Burmese authorities no longer needed the services of his 30-person team.
...
"Even before the cyclone, there were chronic shortages.... We're trying to fill the gap for medical care," says Osamu Kunii, head of health and nutrition in Burma for Unicef, which is supplying nutrition supplements, vaccines, water purification kits, and other health supplies in the delta.

"Most of the affected people are now returning to the villages. It's quite difficult for us to get access" to these far-flung areas, Mr. Osamu adds.

Burmese authorities have told aid agencies that doctors and nurses from other parts of the country are being sent to the delta, though it's unclear whether these are mobile teams or short-term replacements. Nor is there any national plan yet for rebuilding wrecked clinics and hospitals.

Given these acute shortages, the decision to send away Asian doctors seems perverse, even if their original deployment was in an emergency capacity, says a Western diplomat in Bangkok.

But it fits the junta's pattern of asserting that the crisis is over and that villagers must go back to rebuild their houses and farms, whatever the state of the health system.

Pichit, the doctor, says that his team was grateful for the opportunity to work in Burma, where they treated 3,700 patients during their two-week stay. "I think many of the doctors were willing to help more, especially with the children. But it's their country," he says.

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Resumption of the Thaksin Policy Towards Burma

via Bangkok Pundit by Bangkok Pundit on 3/22/08

I have already panned Samak for his comments on Burma, but I am amazed at this criticism:

Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej was attacked by critics on Monday after making favourable comments about the ruling Burmese junta and indicating the government plans to focus on making economic gains from Burma.

Surapong Jayanama, secretary for political affairs to former premier Surayud Chulanont, said the Thai approach to Burma would benefit certain groups at the expense of human rights there.

He viewed the policy towards Burma as a resumption of that undertaken by the government under deposed prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra.

"They [the ruling generals] know that Thai bureaucrats in collusion with politicians care about economic interests" while ignoring Burma's weak points, said Mr Surapong, a former career diplomat.

BP: A resumption implies that the Surayud government had a different policy than Thaksin, but I am struggling to find any difference. When the Burmese military started killing protesters and monks, there was at first silence by the Thai government and then the Burmese were defended by Gen. Sonthi. As Kavi stated in The Nation:

It is not difficult to understand why Thailand's foreign policy under Surayud has been an utter failure, especially in relation to Burma. He should have paid more attention to the situation in Burma, which he closely monitored and was engaged with while Army chief. Instead, he has been cowed and speechless on the crisis there.

BP: So how was the Surayud government's policy different? There is no resumption of the "Thaksin regime" policy towards Burma. The policy has been the same since the late 80s, engage and take as much natural resources from Burma as possible. Human rights is a supposed factornot a consideration.

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What To Do With Burma

What To Do With Burma

via Bangkok Pundit by Bangkok Pundit on 3/9/08

The Nation:

Gambari was permitted a brief meeting with Suu Kyi. The lady has spent the better part of the past two decades locked up under house arrest. But that was all he was going to get. The junta was not in the mood to give much more than that. Rangoon greeted Gambari with a press statement saying the government has rejected a request by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for the regime to amend the new constitution.

It should come as no surprise to the world's people that the Burmese junta is not going to give in easily, especially to hollow words from the UN or any agency that doesn't have anything concrete to back up their demands.

The UN and the international community have to think outside the box and explore other options, like an exit strategy for the junta or some sort of mechanism that would ensure their place in the country's political arena. The orthodox diplomatic approach hasn't worked, so perhaps it's time that the world community thinks afresh and creatively.

After all this is a country that doesn't seem to heed the advice and concerns of the international community, whether they are friends or critics.

Incidentally, Burmese information minister Kyaw Hsan even took a jab at neighbouring Thailand, saying that the world community has not objected to the country's new constitution despite the lack of participation by its opponents.

COMMENT: A big pension and exile somewhere is probably the only chance.
btw, it is unsurprising the Burmese response will mention the coup in Thailand the resulting constitution.

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Burma Comparisons

Burma Comparisons via Bangkok Pundit on 12/15/07

Earlier this year I blogged about an op-ed piece by academic Surachat Bamrungsuk who made Burma comparisons in the aftermath of the coup:

He said the Thai middle class and mass media, who professed to be pro-democracy, must think harder about how democratic their support for the September 19 coup was.

"Today, intellectuals, former leftists and the media are supporting the coup. We're turning the clock back to the time when the belief that the military can solve political problem held sway," said Suchart, who warned that the cycle of coups would mostly continue.

"The important question is: do Thai intellectuals want democracy or dictatorship? Those who opposed the military in 1992 are now serving the military."

Suchart said his fellow lecturers were now happy to receive Bt104,000 and serve as members of the National Legislative Assembly.

The coup has put Thailand's level of democracy back on par with Burma, he claimed. "Thailand and Burma are now in the same boat - with a junta at the helm," he said.

At the time, I said:

I agree with what he has to say about academics and the middle class supporting the coup, but I disagree with his comparisons about Thailand's level of democracy being on par with Burma. Yes, there are a number of parallels with Burma (ie military taking control for national unity, drafting a new constitution, excluding the elected government from the process, suppressing the media etc) but I would say for all the flaws in Thailand's democracy, its level of democracy greatly exceeds Burma.

Surachart the other day:

Assoc Prof Dr Surachart Bamrungsuk of Chulalongkorn's Political Science Faculty said in a seminar marking Thailand's Constitution Day on Dec 10 at Chulalongkorn University that 2008 will probably be one of the most challenging political periods in our lifetime, maybe harsher than 1992 ['bloody May] if the general elections on Dec 23 do not happen, or there is another coup.

In the event of another coup, according to a leaked confidential document to which the media has not paid as much attention as it did to another leaked document concerning the junta's plan to undermine the People Power Party, Thailand would resemble Burma back in August 1988 when the Burmese junta ejected the election results. If another coup occurs after the Dec 23 elections, all will be disaster.

Even if the Dec 23 poll happens as scheduled, grim prospects still loom ahead in Thai politics, he said. If the People Power Party wins the elections as predicted in many opinion surveys, will it be dissolved, or will the election results be nullified by 'a certain process', using the excuse of all the problems expected to plague this poll? The country will see a weak democracy, a weak economy and insecurity, but will have a strong military, he said.

COMMENT: The comparisons continue. Hmmmm. Need I remind anyone of this post a few months back:

Soldiers must be allowed to participate in politics, otherwise "the country cannot escape from coups," said Phasit Sonthikhan, who was representing Council for National Security (CNS) deputy secretary-general Saprang Kalayanamitr at a forum on soldiers and democracy yesterday. Gen Phasit, deputy director of the CNS Secretary Office, cited examples of the political roles assumed by the armed forces in Burma and some African countries. He said the military was permitted to play a role in politics to prevent it from staging coups. "It's the way out for their soldiers," he said.

COMMENT: Burma is the model the Thai military want to follow, but I am not sure how much longer they can go at it before people start getting not just upset, but mad. If they try to dissolve PPP on trumped up charges after the election, it is difficult to predict what might happen, but I don't think many people will take it quietly.

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Thaksin to be charged over Burma loan

by SURASAK GLAHAN - Bangkok Post

The Assets Scrutiny Committee (ASC) yesterday agreed to press criminal charges against Thaksin Shinawatra for abuse of his position in ordering an increase in the amount of the ExportImport Bank’s soft loan to Burma.

Mr Thaksin’s interference in the issue was aimed at benefiting his family’s satellite and broadband business, ASC spokesman Sak Korsaengruang said.

‘‘Mr Thaksin is charged with wrongdoing in implementing this policy to seek benefit for his family business. This was his abuse of power,’’ he said.

There was strong evidence Mr Thaksin forced then foreign minister Surakiart Sathirathai and top Foreign Ministry officials to boost the amount of the soft loan to the Burmese government from three to four billion baht, said ASC member Viroj Laohaphan, chairman of the case fact-finding team.

The additional money was approved for the Burmese government to develop telecommunications facilities, including buying goods and services from the satellite broadband and fibre-optic firm Shin Satellite Co, which was owned by Mr Thaksin’s family, said Mr Viroj.

The Thai government earlier agreed on a three-billion-baht loan to Burma only for development of basic infrastructure, including road links with Thailand.

Mr Surakiart and senior officials at the East Asian Affairs Department opposed the increase in loan size, said Mr Viroj, citing both written and verbal evidence that his team gathered from questioning the ex-minister and officials.

Mr Surakiart opposed the request for the increase because it violated the Bagan Declaration, a regional economic strategy signed by the Thai, Burmese, Lao and Cambodian governments, which excludes development of the telecom sector, said Mr Viroj. The declaration only allows lending for other purposes such as trade, investment, agriculture, industry and regional transport links.

Foreign Ministry officials objected to boosting the loan amount on the grounds that it would make Thailand a target of international criticism for helping the Burmese junta, said Mr Viroj.

They told Mr Thaksin that Thailand’s approval would damage the country because it would obstruct US-led attempts to press Burma to restore democracy via economic sanctions.

However, Mr Thaksin intruded upon the process by ordering the ministry to approve the request, he added.

In a letter dated March 2, 2004, submitted to the Burmese government informing it of approval of the loan increase, Mr Surakiart told the Burmese government that Mr Thaksin had ordered the ministry to inform Burma specifically that Mr Thaksin was the one who had given the go-ahead.

Mr Sak said the former premier would be charged with criminal offences under Articles 152 and 157 of the Criminal Code, each stipulating imprisonment of one to ten years and a fine of up to 20,000 baht.

The ASC next week will appoint an inquiry team to handle the next stage, which includes Mr Thaksin’s defence, before deciding whether to file the case with the public prosecutor, Mr Sak said.

The ASC yesterday also filed charges with the police against four individuals who refused to provide information on Shin Corp shares to the panel.

They were Mr Thaksin’s wife Khunying Potjaman, their son Panthongtae, his wife’s secretary Karnchanapa Honghern and Bussaba Damapong; the wife of Khunying Potjaman’s stepbrother Bannapot Damapong.

The panel also agreed to allow an inquiry team, led by Banjerd Singkhaneti and Kaewson Athipho, to broaden its inquiry against Mr Thaksin, Mr Sak said.

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Martyrs' Day - Fading Memories

Ref Photo : kthwe.blogspot.com

Once remembered in young that "Arzarni Nay" was filled with plenty of celebrations, talks, people celebrations with sorrow and a strong sound of "OatAaw" from factories to remind people to pause for a while on the time our leaders was assassinated.

Nowadays, all of these things become faded, that it come to my mind that it was just a dream.

A day before 19 July, I called one of friends in Yangon Office from Thailand. She said that "lucky you called me today, if you call tomorrow I will miss(I know only office number). I asked with suprise "Why, tomorrow is Thursday, you take a leave?" She said "No, tomorrow is "Arzarni Nay". I only just can exclaimed "Ohhh, right, I totally forget".

Even worse, the next day I went to Myanmar side Kawthaung, to meet with one partner. We sat at Tea Shop for the chit chat. He said "I tried to call Yangon(Office) for many times this morning, it rings, but nobody pick up. May be because of bad weather, line is not good". We, the rest 2, smiled and said "Hey you, today is "ARZARNI NAY".

The talks just stop and quiet for a while, only some thoughts passing in the minds of 3 of us. I wondered what my 2 colleages are thinking, but with some feeling, I had never asked them.

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Hacker hack Thailand MICT Page, replaced with Ex-PrimeMinister Smiling Photo

Humiliation by anonymous hacker to Thailand Ruling Military - 19 July 2007

It was informed that the main page of Thai MICT is changed by ex-prime minister smiling and weaving hands(supposed to his supporters) just before lunch at 19 July.

This was happened on the time MICT is about to issue a new MICT law trying to control and reduce the freely use of Internet by people inland.

Thailand MICT had did example of such restriction by not allowing its people to access Youtube site after disappoint with youtube group allowing to post improper video of Thai people highly admired King Bumibol.

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ျမန္မာ႕လြတ္လပ္ေရးႏွင္႕မစၥတာအက္တလီအျမင္

ဒုတိယကမၻာစစ္ၿပီးကာလ မွာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံကို လြတ္လပ္ေရး ေပးဖို႔ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့တဲ့ ၿဗိတိသွ်ဝန္ ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ကလီမင့္အက္တလီ (Cle m ent Rich ard Attlee, 1883-1967) ရဲ႔ကိုယ္တိုင္ေရးအတၫဳပၯတၲိစာအုပ္ တစ္အုပ္ မိတ္ေဆြတစ္ေယာက္ဆီ ကလက္ေဆာင္ရတယ္။ စာအုပ္ ကနည္းနည္းေတာင္ ပိုးကိုက္ေန ၿပီ။ စာအုပ္ေခါင္းစဥ္က "As It Happened" တဲ့။Odhams Press Limited London ကထုတ္ေဝ တယ္။ ထုတ္ေဝႏွစ္ ရွာမေတြ႕ဘူး။

အက္တလီဟာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ နဲ႔ပတ္သက္ခဲ့တဲ့ ၿဗိတိသွ်ႏိုင္ငံေရး ေခါင္းေဆာင္ ေလဘာပါတီရဲ႕ဝန္ ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္တယ္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ ေအာင္ဆန္း ဘိလပ္သြားၿပီး လြတ္ လပ္ေရးေဆြးေႏြးခဲ့တဲ့ ခရီးစဥ္မွတ္ တမ္းမွာ အက္တလီနဲ႔ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ ေအာင္ဆန္း ရင္းရင္းႏွီးႏွီး ယွဥ္တြဲ လ်က္ဓာတ္ပံုေတြငယ္ငယ္ကတည္း က ေတြ႕ျမင္ေနခဲ့ရလို႔ သူ႔ရုပ္ပံုကို မ်က္စိယဥ္ေနတယ္။ ""ေအာင္ဆန္း -အက္တလီစာခ်ဳပ္"" ဆိုတာကို လည္း နားယဥ္ေနခဲ့တယ္။ သူ႔အတၫဳပၯတၲိ ဖတ္ၾကည့္ ေတာ့လည္း အက္တလီဟာ တ ကယ့္လူႀကီးလူေကာင္း၊ ယဥ္ ေက်းတဲ့ ႏိုင္ငံေရးသမားႀကီး တစ္ ေယာက္ဆိုတာ သိရတယ္။ ၁၉၃၅ မွာ သူေလဘာပါတီေခါင္းေဆာင္ ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ ၁၉၄၂မွာ ခ်ာခ်ီရဲ႕ 0x150ြန္႔ေပါင္းအစိုးရမွာ ဒုတိယ ဝန္ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္ခဲ့တယ္။ ၁၉၄၅ေရြး ေကာက္ပြဲက်ေတာ့ သူ ဦးေဆာင္ တဲ့ ေလဘာပါတီဟာ မဲအျပတ္ အသတ္ႏိုင္ခဲ့လို႔ အက္တလီ ဝန္ ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္လာတယ္။ သူ႔လက္ ထက္မွာ ဒုတိယကမၻာစစ္ၿပီးခ်ိန္ လြတ္လပ္ေရးေတာင္းဆိုလာၾကတဲ့ ကိုလိုနီႏိုင္ငံေတြကို လြတ္လပ္ေရး ေပးဖို႔ ႏိုင္ငံျခားေရးမူဝါဒခ်မွတ္ ခဲ့ၿပီး ႏိုင္ငံအေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားကို လြတ္လပ္ေရးေပးခဲ့တယ္။ အဲဒီ အထဲ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံလည္း ပါဝင္ခဲ့ တာျဖစ္တယ္။ ႏု-အက္တလီ စာ ခ်ဳပ္ ခ်ဳပ္ဆိုတာသမိုင္းဝင္နာမည္ တစ္ခုပဲ�မဟုတ္ပါလား။ အက္တလီ ကိုယ္တိုင္ေရး အတၫဳပၯတၲိမွာျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအေၾကာင္း သူ ဘယ္လိုအျမင္နဲ႔ ေရးခဲ့သလဲ လို႔ ဖတ္ၾကည့္တယ္။ အခန္း(၁၁) ""ဓနသဟာယဆက္ဆံေရး""ဆိုတဲ့ အခန္းမွာ ႏွစ္မ်က္ႏွာ၊ သံုးမ်က္ႏွာ ေလာက္ ထည့္ေရးထားတာေတြ႕ရ တယ္။ အက္တလီက အိႏၵိယကို လြတ္လပ္ေရးေပးၿပီးရင္ဓနသဟာယ အဖြဲ႕ထဲမွာ ဆက္လက္ ပါဝင္ေန ေစဖို႔ ႀကိဳးစားခဲ့တဲ့အေၾကာင္း ေရး တယ္။ အိႏၵိယက သမၼတႏိုင္ငံ တည္ေထာင္ခ်င္တယ္။ ဓနသဟာ ယအဖြဲ႕ဝင္ႏိုင္ငံေတြက �ႏိုင္ငံ ဥေသွ်ာင္အျဖစ္ ၿဗိတိသွ်ေရႊနန္း သခင္ကိုသတ္မွတ္ရတယ္။ ေနာက္ ဆံုးေတာ့ အိႏၵိယက သမၼတႏိုင္ငံ ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း�ဓနသဟာယ ဥေသွ်ာင္အျဖစ္ ၿဗိတိသွ်ထီးနန္း ကို အသိအမွတ္ျပဳဖို႔ လက္ခံတဲ့ အတြက္ လြတ္လပ္ေရးယူၿပီးခ်ိန္ မွာ ဓနသဟာယအဖြဲ႕ဝင္အျဖစ္ ဆက္ေနခဲ့တယ္။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံကိုလည္း လြတ္ လပ္ေရးရၿပီးခ်ိန္မွာ ဓနသဟာယ အဖြဲ႕ဝင္အျဖစ္ ဆက္လက္တည္ရွိ ဖို႔ အက္တလီတို႔က ႀကိဳးစားခဲ့တဲ့ အေၾကာင္း စာမ်က္ႏွာ ၂၁၈-၂၁၉ မွာ ေအာက္ပါအတိုင္းေဖာ္ျပခဲ့ တာ မွတ္သားစရာ ေကာင္းပါ တယ္။ ""ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ ျပႍနာက အိႏၵိယႏွင့္မတူ ကြဲျပားျခားနား သည္။ က႗ႏု္ပ္သည္ ဆိုင္မြန္ေကာ္ မရွင္ႏွင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသို႔ သြား ေရာက္ခဲ့ဖူးသည္။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံကို အိႏၵိယထဲက ခြဲျခမ္းေပးခဲ့သည္မွာ က႗ႏု္ပ္တို႔ ေကာ္မရွင္၏ ေထာက္ခံ တင္ျပခ်က္အရျဖစ္သည္။ စစ္ႀကီး မတိုင္မီ ျမန္မာတို႔သည္ ကိုယ္ပိုင္ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးအေတြ႕ အႀကံဳရခဲ့ၾက ၿပီးျဖစ္သည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ အေနာက္ တိုင္းပညာေရးရွိသူ ျမန္မာမ်ား အလြန္နည္းပါးၿပီး အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရး ပိုင္းတြင္လည္း မ်ားမ်ားစားစား မရွိခဲ့ေခ်။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံတြင္ အိႏၵိယမွာ ကဲ့သို႔ ဟင္ဒူ-မူဆလင္လူမ်ိဳး အေရးျပႍနာမ်ိဳးမရွိေသာ္လည္း ေခတ္ေနာက္က်လြန္းျခင္းႏွင့္ လူ မ်ိဳးစုျပႍနာအခ်ိဳ႕ကား ရွိေနခဲ့ သည္။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသည္ ဂ်ပန္တို႔ ၏က်ႃးေက်ာ္သိမ္းပိုက္ျခင္းကို ခံခဲ့ရၿပီး ကာလရွည္ၾကာ ခက္ခက္ ခဲခဲ ျပန္လည္တြန္းလွန္ၿပီးမွေအာင္ ျမင္မႈရရွိခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာအခ်ိဳ႕ သည္ ဂ်ပန္က လြတ္လပ္ေရး တကယ္ေပးလိမ့္မည္ဟုယံုၾကည္၍ ဂ်ပန္ႏွင့္ပူးေပါင္းခဲ့ၿပီး ေဒါက္တာ ဘေမာ္ ရုပ္ေသးအစိုးရကိုေထာက္ ခံခဲ့ၾကသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္သူတို႔သည္ မၾကာမီအျမင္မွန္ရခဲ့ၾကၿပီး ေအာင္ ဆန္း၏ ဦးေဆာင္မႈေအာက္ရွိ လူငယ္မ်ားကေတာ္လွန္ေရးဆင္ႏႊဲ ၾကသည္။ ၿဗိတိသွ်တပ္မ်ားႏွင့္ သူတို႔အဆက္အသြယ္ရခဲ့ၾကသည္။ ေလာ့ဒ္ေမာင့္ဘက္တန္၏ အေျမာ္ အျမင္ႀကီးမားေသာမူဝါဒ၏ ေက်း ဇူးျဖင့္ သူတို႔ပူးေပါင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ ၾကၿပီး က်ႃးေက်ာ္သူမ်ားအား ေမာင္းထုတ္ခဲ့ၾကသည္။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံကို ျပန္ရၿပီး ေနာက္ အိႏၵိယရွိ ဆာရယ္ဂ်ီနယ္ ေဒၚမန္စမစ္�လက္ေအာက္ခံ(ျမန္မာ) ျပည္ေျပးအစိုးရကို ျပန္လည္ အသက္သြင္းခဲ့ၾက၏။ ဆာေဒၚမန္ စမစ္ထံ၌ ႏိုင္ငံေရးသမား လက္ ေဟာင္းႀကီး အခ်ိဳ႕ရွိေနသည္။ စစ္ ႀကီးမတိုင္မီက ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံတြင္ ရွိခဲ့ဖူးေသာ တစ္စိတ္တစ္ပိုင္း ကိုယ္ပိုင္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးမ်ိဳးကို အခ်ိန္ မတိုင္မီ ျပန္လည္ေဖာ္ထုတ္ခဲ့ျခင္း မွာ က႗ႏု္ပ္တို႔၏ အမွားျဖစ္သည္။ ႏိုင္ငံေရး လက္ေဟာင္းႀကီး မ်ားသည္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၌ ႀကီးထြား လာေနေသာ အမ်ိဳးသားေရးလႈပ္ ရွားမႈႀကီးႏွင့္ ကင္းကြာေနၾကခ်ိန္ တြင္ ေတာ္လွန္ေရးသမား လူငယ္ မ်ားက စိတ္မရွည္ႏိုင္ေတာ့ေခ်။ ေနာက္ဆံုးတြင္ က႗ႏု္ပ္သည္ ျမန္မာမ်ားက ေကာင္းစြာႏွစ္သက္ လက္ခံေသာ၊�ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအေၾကာင္း လည္း ေကာင္းေကာင္းသိသူ ဆာ ဟူးဘတ္ရန္႔စ္ကိုဘုရင္ခံခန္႔လိုက္ သည္။ ထို႔ေနာက္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံမွ ႏိုင္ငံေရးပါတီမ်ား၏ ကိုယ္စား လွယ္မ်ားပါဝင္ေသာ အဖြဲ႕တစ္ဖြဲ႕ လန္ဒန္သို႔လာၿပီးျမန္မာ့ေနာင္ေရး ေဆြးေႏြးၾကရန္ ဖိတ္ေခၚလိုက္ သည္။ သူတို႔ႏွင့္က႗ႏု္ပ္တို႔ အခ်ိန္ ၾကာျမင့္စြာေဆြး ေႏြးဖလွယ္ခဲ့ၾက သည္။ သူတို႔ထဲက အခ်ိဳ႕သည္ စစ္ႀကီးမတိုင္မီကခရစ္ပ္စ္(Chipps)ႏွင့္ သိက႗မ္းခဲ့ၾကၿပီးျဖစ္၍ မ်ားစြာ အဆင္ေျပခဲ့သည္။ သို႔ေသာ္က႗ႏု္ပ္ တို႔က ျမန္မာျပည္သူမ်ား၏ ေရြး ခ်ယ္မႈကိုလက္ခံရန္အသင့္ရွိသည္ ဟုေျပာဆိုျခင္းကို ပထမတြင္ သူတို႔မယံုၾကည္ႏိုင္ၾကဘဲသံသယ ရွိေနခဲ့ၾကသည္။ ျဖစ္ခ်င္ေတာ့ သူတို႔သည္ လံုးဝလြတ္လပ္ေရးရယူၿပီးသမၼတ ႏိုင္ငံထူေထာင္မည္ဟု သူတို႔၏ ေနာက္လိုက္မ်ားထံ ကတိက႗ံထား ခဲ့ၾကေလၿပီ။ သူတို႔သည္ ကြန္ျမႃ နစ္ပါတီကိုလည္း ရင္ဆိုင္ေနၾက ရ၏။ ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲမ်ား ဆက္ျပဳလုပ္ ေနရင္း သူတို႔ထဲက အခ်ိဳ႕(အထူး သျဖင့္သူတို႔၏ေခါင္းေဆာင္ေခါင္း မာသူတစ္ဦးျဖစ္ေသာေအာင္ဆန္း) သည္ ဓနသဟာယထဲတြင္ ဆက္ ေနသင့္သည္ဟု သေဘာေပါက္စ ျပဳလာသည္။ သမၼတႏိုင္ငံ ထူ ေထာင္ေသာ္လည္း အိႏၵိယကဲ့သို႔ ပင္ ဓနသဟာယထဲတြင္ဆက္ ေနႏိုင္သည့္ လမ္းေၾကာင္းကို သေဘာ က်ၾကသည္။ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္အဖြဲ႕ဝင္မ်ား သည္ အလြန္ငယ္ရြယ္ၿပီး အေတြ႕ အႀကံဳႏုနယ္သူမ်ားျဖစ္ၾက၏။ လူနည္းစုပါတီတစ္ခု၏ ကိုယ္စား လွယ္ျဖစ္သူ ဦးေစာကမူ သူတို႔ႏွင့္ မတူေခ်။ သူ႔ကို စစ္ႀကီးမတိုင္မီက က႗ႏု္ပ္ေတြ႕ခဲ့ဖူးသည္။ စစ္ႀကီးအ တြင္း သူအဂၤလန္သို႔လာေရာက္ သည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ဦးေစာသည္ ဂ်ာမန္မ်ားႏွင့္လစၥဘြန္းတြင္အဆက္ အသြယ္လုပ္ရန္ႀကိဳးစားခဲ့ေၾကာင္း ေပၚေပါက္လာ၍ အက်ယ္ခ်ဳပ္ျဖင့္ ထားရွိခဲ့ရသည္။ သူသည္ ၿပံဳးၿပံဳး ေလးႏွင့္ဆိုးမည့္သူဟု က႗ႏု္ပ္ ထင္ ျမင္ယူဆခဲ့သည္။ က႗ႏု္ပ္ႏွင့္ဇနီးက ေအာင္ဆန္း တို႔တစ္ဖြဲ႕လံုးကို ေန႔လယ္စာျဖင့္ ဧည့္ခံခဲ့ရာ က႗ႏု္ပ္၏ဇနီး သည္ လူသတ္သမားျဖစ္မည့္သူႏွင့္သူ၏ သားေကာင္ျဖစ္မည့္ သူမ်ားအား ဧည့္ခံေက႗းေမြးေန ျခင္းပါတကား ဟု စိုးစဥ္းမွ်ေတြးမိမည္ မဟုတ္ ေခ်။ သူတို႔ ျမန္မာျပည္ ျပန္သြား ၾကၿပီး မ်ားမၾကာမီေအာင္ဆန္းႏွင့္ သူ႔လုပ္ေဖာ္ကိုင္ဖက္ဝန္ႀကီးမ်ား သည္ ဦးေစာ၏ သတ္ျဖတ္ျခင္း ခံၾကရသည္။ ဘုရင္ခံ၏ လက္ ျမန္ေျချမန္အေရးယူမႈေၾကာင့္ ဦးေစာ၏အႀကံ မေအာင္ျမင္ခဲ့ေခ်။ သခင္ႏုသည္ဝန္ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ျဖစ္လာၿပီး ဦးေစာသည္တရားဥပေဒေရွ႕ေမွာက္ သို႔ ေရာက္သြားခဲ့၏။ သို႔ေသာ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံထိုးႏွက္ခံခဲ့ရသည္မွာ ကား ျပင္းထန္လွသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ျမန္မာတို႔က လံုးဝ လြတ္လပ္ေရးယူရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့ၾက သည္။ က႗ႏု္ပ္တို႔၏ အေျခခံမူမ်ား ႏွင့္အညီ က႗ႏု္ပ္တို႔အေနျဖင့္ သူတို႔ ၏ေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္ကို ခြင့္ျပဳရန္မွ တစ္ပါး အျခားမရွိေခ်။ ထိုအခ်ိန္ကစ၍ ျမန္မာ အစိုး ရသည္ ကြန္ျမႃနစ္မ်ားႏွင့္ အျခား အဖြဲ႕မ်ား၏ သူပုန္ထမႈမ်ားႏွင့္ ရင္ဆိုင္ခဲ့ၾကရပါေတာ့သည္။ � � � မစၥတာ အက္တလီရဲ႕ ျမန္မာ ႏိုင္ငံအေပၚထင္ျမင္ခ်က္ကိုဖတ္ၿပီး ႏိုင္ငံတစ္ႏိုင္ငံရဲ႕သမိုင္းအလွည့္ အေျပာင္း သဘာဝေလးေတြကို သင္ခန္းစာယူတဲ့စိတ္၊ သံေဝဂ ယူတဲ့စိတ္နဲ႔ စဥ္းစားေနမိ ပါ ေၾကာင္း . . . ။

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တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္၊ ဒုတိယ (၁၉၃၆) and The Hell-Hound at Large

တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္၊ ဒုတိယ (၁၉၃၆)
Aung Kyaw Myo မႀ — ေနာက္ဆံုး ဴပႂဴပင္မၾမ္းမံခဲ့တဲ့ ေနႚစၾဲနဲႚ အခဵိန္ 2007-05-05 19:55

၂၀၀၀ ခုႎႀစ္ တတိယ အ႒ကိမ္ထုတ္ တကၠသိုလ္မဵား သမိုင္း သုေတသန ဌာန၊ ဂဵီအီးစီ (ပညာေရး) သမဝၝယမ အသင္းက ထုတ္ေဝတဲ့ ဴမဟန္ရဲႚ 'ကိုလုိနီေခတ္ ဴမန္မာ့ သမိုင္း အဘိဓာန္' မႀ "တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္၊ ဒုတိယ (၁၉၃၆)" ကုိ ဴပန္လည္ ကူးယူ ေဖာ္ဴပတာ ဴဖစ္ပၝတယ္။

တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္၊ ဒုတိယ (၁၉၃၆)

ဒုတိယ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္သည္ ၁၉၃၆ ခုႎႀစ္ ေဖေဖာ္ဝၝရီလ ၂၅ ရက္ ေနႚတၾင္ စတင္ ဴဖစ္ပၾား ခဲ့သည္။ သပိတ္ ေပၞေပၝက္ရသည့္ ႟ုတ္တရက္ အေဳကာင္းရင္း ႎႀစ္ရပ္မႀာ ထုိစဥ္က တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢ ဥကၠႉ ကုိႎုကုိ တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပယ္ လုိက္သည့္ဴပင္ အုိးေဝ မဂၢဇင္း တာဝန္ခံ အယ္ဒီတာ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္း ကုိလည္း တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ တုိႚက တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပစ္သည္ ဆုိသည့္ သတင္း မဵားေဳကာင့္ ဴဖစ္သည္။ ကုိႎုကုိ တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပစ္ ရသည့္ ေနာက္ခံ အေဳကာင္းမႀာ ဤသုိႚ ဴဖစ္သည္။ ကုိႎုကုိ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢ ဦးစီး၍ ၁၉၃၅ - ၃၆ ခု ပညာသင္ႎႀစ္ အတၾက္ စကားရည္ လုပၾဲကုိ ၁၉၃၆ ခုႎႀစ္ ဇန္နဝၝရီလ ၃၁ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ ကဵင္းပသည္။ ထုိအခမ္းအနားတၾင္ ရန္ကုန္ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢ ဥကၠႉ ကုိႎုက မိန္ႚခၾန္း ေဴပာသည္။ မိန္ႚခၾန္းတၾင္ တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ အခဵႂိႚက ေကဵာင္းသူ ေကဵာင္းသား မဵား၏ ကုိယ္ေရး ကုိယ္တာ မဵားတၾင္ ဝင္ေရာက္ စၾက္ဖက္ ေနပုံကုိ ထည့္သၾင္း ေဴပာဳကား ခဲ့သည္။ ထုိ အဴဖစ္အပဵက္ ဴဖစ္ပၾား႓ပီး မဳကာမီ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢမႀ ထုတ္ေဝသည့္ အုိးေဝ မဂၢဇင္း အမႀတ္ ၁ ထၾက္လာသည္။ မဂၢဇင္း အယ္ဒီတာထံ ေပးစာ အခန္းတၾင္ ယမမင္း အမည္ခံသူ အုိးေဝ ဦးညိႂဴမ၏ "ငရဲေခၾး႒ကီး လၾတ္႓ပီး သရမ္း ေနသည္" (The Hell Hound At Large) ေခၝင္းစဥ္ပၝ ေပးစာ တခု ပၝသည္။ ေပးစာ၏ အခဵႂပ္ သေဘာမႀာ အရင္းရႀင္ နယ္ခဵဲႚ၏ လက္ကုိင္ဒုတ္ ဴဖစ္႓ပီး အဝီစိသုိႚ ေရာက္လာေသာ ေခၾးနက္႒ကီး တေကာင္သည္ အဝီစိမႀ လၾတ္ထၾက္ သၾားကာ လူႚဴပည္တၾင္ အထူးသဴဖင့္ တကၠသုိလ္ နယ္ေဴမတၾင္ ေသာင္းကဵန္း ေနေသာေဳကာင့္ ေတၾႚရႀိသူက ေခၾးနက္႒ကီးကုိ အဝီစိသုိႚ အဴမန္ ဴပန္ပုိႚရန္ ႎႁိးေဆာ္ထားဴခင္း ဴဖစ္သည္။ ေခၾးနက္႒ကီး ဆုိသည္မႀာ မဵႂိးခဵစ္ ေကဵာင္းသား မဵားကုိ ဖိႎႀိပ္ေသာ တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ တဦးကုိ ရည္ႌၿန္းသည္ဟု ဆုိေလသည္။ ထုိႚေဳကာင့္ အထက္ပၝ ေပးစာ ေရးသူ ယမမင္း ဆုိသူကုိ ေဖာ္ထုတ္ ေပးရ မည္ဟု တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းအုပ္႒ကီးက ေတာင္းဆုိသည္။ အုိးေဝ မဂၢဇင္း တာဝန္ခံ အယ္ဒီတာ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္းက စာနယ္ဇင္း တိုႚ၏ ထုံးစံ အရ ယမမင္း ဆုိသူကုိ ထုတ္ေဖာ္ မေဴပာ ႎုိင္ေဳကာင္း အေဳကာင္း ဴပန္ဳကား ခဲ့သည္။


The Hell-Hound at Large


Escaped from Awizi, a devil in the form of a black dog. Had been during his brief span on earth a base object of universal odium and execration, - sentenced to Eternal Damnation for Treachery, Theft, Presumption, Intrigue, Pettifogging, Sadism, Churlishness, Vulgarity, etc. A pimping knave with avuncular pretensions to some cheap wiggling wenches form a well-known Hostel, he was also a hectic popularity-hunter, shamming interest in Games, Concerts, Associations etc., meanacing the public placed with his unwanted presence though generally welcomed everywhere as small-pox. His only distinguishing marks have been the abominable V.D. ulcers on his neck and buboes due to copulation with his own wife.


Will finder please kick him back to Hell?


Yamamin.


From: "OWAY" or The Voice of the Peacock, Voice of the RUSU, Jan. 1936; Vol. 5

No. 1, p. 56. Points from Letters.


ဤ အဴဖစ္အပဵက္မဵား ဴဖစ္႓ပီးေနာက္ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢ ဥကၠႉ ကုိႎုအား တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပယ္ လုိက္သည့္ စာကုိ ၁၉၃၆ ခုႎႀစ္ ေဖေဖာ္ဝၝရီလ ၂၁ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ ကုိႎုက လက္ခံ ရရႀိ ခဲ့သည္။ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္း ကုိလည္း တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပယ္ ေတာ့မည္ ဆုိသည့္ သတင္း မဵားလည္း ထၾက္လာသည္။ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္းကုိ တကၠသုိလ္မႀ ထုတ္ပယ္သည့္ အမိန္ႚစာ တရားဝင္ ထၾက္မလာ ေသာ္လည္း တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ တုိႚက ကုိေအာင္ဆန္းကုိ တကၠသုိလ္မႀ သုံးႎႀစ္ ထုတ္ပယ္ရန္ ဆုံးဴဖတ္ ထားသည္မႀာ အမႀန္ ဴဖစ္ေဳကာင္း ေနာင္တၾင္ သိရသည္။ ထုိႚေဳကာင့္ ကုိႎုႎႀင့္ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္း တုိႚအား ေကဵာင္းထုတ္သည့္ ကိစၤ ေဆၾးေႎၾးရန္ ၁၉၃၆ ခုႎႀစ္ ေဖေဖာ္ဝၝရီလ ၂၃ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ တကၠသုိလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢ အမႁေဆာင္ အစည္းအေဝး ကဵင္းပသည္။ အမႁေဆာင္ အစည္းအေဝး ကဵင္းပ ႓ပီးေနာက္ ၁၉၃၆ ခုႎႀစ္ ေဖေဖာ္ဝၝရီလ ၂၅ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ ေကဵာင္းသားထု အစည္းအေဝး ကဵင္းပရာ ၈၀၀ ခန္ႚ ရႀိေသာ ေကဵာင္းသားထုမႀာ တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ တုိႚ၏ ဖိႎႀိပ္ ခဵႂပ္ခဵယ္မႁ မဵားကုိ မေကဵမနပ္ ဴဖစ္႓ပီး သပိတ္ ေမႀာက္ဳက ေတာ့သည္။ သပိတ္ ႟ုံးခန္းမႀာ ေ႟ၿတိဂုံ ဘုရား အနီးရႀိ ေမာ္လ႓မိႂင္ ဇရပ္ ဴဖစ္သည္။ ၁၉၃၆ ခု ေဖေဖာ္ဝၝရီလ ၂၆ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္း အပၝအဝင္ သပိတ္ေမႀာက္ ေကာင္စီဖၾဲႚ ႓ပီးေသာ အခၝ ယင္း ေကာင္စီက သပိတ္ကုိ ႒ကီးဳကပ္ ေပးသည္။ ထုိႚေနာက္ ရန္ကုန္ ႎႀင့္တကၾ တႎုိင္ငံ လုံးရႀိ အထက္တန္း ေကဵာင္းသား အမဵားစု ကလည္း လုိက္၍ သပိတ္ ေမႀာက္ဳက သဴဖင့္ အေထၾေထၾ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သပိတ္ အသၾင္သုိႚ ကူးေဴပာင္း သၾားသည္။


တကၠသုိလ္ ဥပေဒ အခဵႂိႚႎႀင့္ တကၠသုိလ္ ပညာေရး၏ ခဵႂိႚယၾင္းခဵက္ အခဵႂိႚကုိ ဴပင္ဆင္ ေပးရန္ အပၝအဝင္ ေတာင္းဆုိခဵက္ ၁၂ ခဵက္ကုိ သပိတ္ေမႀာက္ ေကာင္စီက တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ မဵားထံ တင္ဴပ ေတာင္းဆုိ ခဲ့ဳကသည္။ ထုိႚေဳကာင့္ အစုိးရ ဘက္မႀ ဒုတိယ အဓိပတိ ဦးဆက္ ေခၝင္းေဆာင္ေသာ တကၠသုိလ္ သပိတ္ စုံစမ္းေရး ေကာ္မတီႎႀင့္ ဆာဴမဘူး ဥကၠႉ အဴဖစ္ ေဆာင္႟ၾက္ေသာ တကၠသုိလ္ ဥပေဒ ဴပင္ဆင္ေရး အ႒ကံ ေပးမည့္ ေကာ္မတီ တခုကုိ ဖၾဲႚစည္း ေပးခဲ့သည္။ ဤသုိႚဴဖင့္ ၁၉၃၆ ခု ေမလ ၁၀ ရက္ေနႚတၾင္ သပိတ္ လႀန္ခဲ့ ဳကသည္။


ဤ သပိတ္ ဴဖစ္ေပၞ ေစသည့္ ႟ုတ္တရက္ အေဳကာင္းရင္းမႀာ ကိုႎုႎႀင့္ ကုိေအာင္ဆန္း တုိႚကုိ တကၠသုိလ္ အာဏာပုိင္ တုိႚက ေကဵာင္းထုတ္ရာမႀ စေသာ္လည္း အေဴခခံ အေဳကာင္းရင္း မႀာမူ မဵႂိးခဵစ္စိတ္၏ လႁႚံေဆာ္မႁေဳကာင့္ ကိုလုိနီ ပညာေရး၊ ကုိလုိနီ အုပ္ခဵႂပ္ေရးႎႀင့္ နယ္ခဵဲႚ အရင္းရႀင္ စနစ္ တုိႚကုိ မေကဵနပ္၍ ဴဖစ္သည္။ တနည္း ဆုိရလ႖င္ အမဵႂိးသား ပညာေရးႎႀင့္ အမဵႂိးသား လၾတ္ေဴမာက္ေရး အတၾက္ တုိက္ပၾဲဝင္ဴခင္း ဴဖစ္သည္။ ႎုိင္ငံ လၾတ္လပ္ေရး အတၾက္ ေကဵာင္းသားထု၏ ႎုိင္ငံေရး ႎုိးဳကားမႁ တုိးတက္ လာသည္ကုိ ဴပသည့္ သပိတ္ ဴဖစ္သည္။ လၾတ္လပ္ေရး ႒ကိႂးပမ္းမႁသည္ ေကဵာင္းသားထု အတၾင္း နက္႟ႁိင္းစၾာ စီးဝင္ လႁပ္ရႀားစ ဴပႂလာေဳကာင္း ကုိလည္း သိရသည္။ ဤ သပိတ္ကုိ အေဳကာင္း ဴပႂ၍ ပထမ အ႒ကိမ္ေဴမာက္ ဴမန္မာ ႎုိင္ငံလုံး ဆုိင္ရာ ေကဵာင္းသားထု အစည္းအေဝး႒ကီး ကဵင္းပ ႎုိင္႓ပီး ဗမာ ႎုိင္ငံလုံး ဆုိင္ရာ ေကဵာင္းသားမဵား သမဂၢကုိ တည္ေထာင္ ႎုိင္ခဲ့ ဳကသည္။ ထုိႚေနာက္ ဴမန္မာႎုိင္ငံ အႎႀံႚ၌ ေကဵာင္းသား သမဂၢမဵား ေပၞေပၝက္ လာသည့္ အတၾက္ ေကဵာင္းသားထု ပုိမုိ ရင္းႎႀီး လာခဲ့ ဳကသည္။ ေကဵာင္းသားႎႀင့္ ဴပည္သူ အတူ တၾဲ၍ လၾတ္လပ္ေရး တုိက္ပၾဲ ဝင္ခဲ့ ဳကသည္။ ထုိႚေဳကာင့္ ပညာေရးႎႀင့္ ေကဵာင္းသားေရးရာ မဵားတၾင္ ေတာင္းဆုိခဵက္မဵား အဴပည့္အဝ မရ ေသာ္လည္း အမဵႂိးသား လၾတ္ေဴမာက္ေရး ႟ႁေဒၝင့္မႀ ဳကည့္လ႖င္ ႎုိင္ငံ အတၾက္ အဴမတ္ ထၾက္ေသာ သပိတ္ဟု ဆုိႎုိင္သည္။

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